A Tale Of Two Cities Charles Dickens (1812-1870) Essays

A Tale of Two Cities Charles Dickens (1812-1870) A Tale of Two Cities Charles Dickens (1812-1870) Type of Work: Historical fiction Setting London and Paris during the French Revolution (1789-1799) Principal Characters Dr. Manette, a French physician, wrongfully imprisoned for 18 years Lucie Manette, his daughter Charles Darnay, a former French aristocrat who has repudiated his title and left France to live in England Jarvis Lorry, the able representative of Tellson Co., a banking house Sydney Carton, a law clerk Madame Defarge, a French peasant and longtime revolutionary Story Overveiw (In the year 1775, King George III sat on the throne of England, preoccupied with his rebellious colonies in America. Across a narrow neck of water to the east, Louis XVI reigned in France, not very much bothered by anything except seeing to his own comforts.) On a cold and foggy night in late November, Mr. Jarvis Lorry was headed out of London bound for Paris, via Dover, on a matter of business. In the darkness of the coach, as he and the other passengers waked and drowsed by turns, Lorry was confronted by a gaunt and ghostly apparition, who engaged him in a silent and macabre conversation The figure haunting him through the night was Dr. Manette, a French physician and the father of Mr. Lorry's young ward. When the doctor had disappeared from his home eighteen years before, his young English wife had diligently and sorrowfully searched for him, until she died two years later, leaving her small daughter Lucie, who was placed in the care of Mr. Lorry. Lorry had brought the child to England, where she was turned over to Lorry's servant, Miss Press, a wild-looking, wonderful woman who adored her. At Dover, Lorry was joined by Lucie - now a young woman - and Miss Press. Lorry informed Lucie that her father had been found alive after years as a political prisoner, and that he, Mr. Lorry, was making this trip to Paris in order to identify him. Lucie, it was hoped, could then help "restore him to life." The sudden reality of finally meeting her father was so great that Lucie could only mutter in an awestricken, doubting voice, "I am going to see his Ghost! It will be his Ghost - not him!" In Paris, Mr. Lorry proceeded directly to the wine-shop of Monsieur Defarge, a former attendant to Dr. Manette, who was now looking after him. The company ascended to the attic. Lucie had been prophetic; indeed, Manette seemed but the ghost of a man, bending over his little shoemaker's bench, unaware of anything around him. Still, together with the free and bewildered Manette, the little group journeyed back to England. Lucie already showed a love and understanding for her long-isolated father, and her companions felt sure she would accomplish the miracle of calling him back to his former self. Five years later, Lucie and her father were called as witnesses in an English court, where a Frenchman, Charles Darnay, was on trial for treason. In the courtroom sat another young man, a lawyer's clerk named Sydney Carton. Carton was immediately struck by the resemblance he and Damay bore to one another, and when a key witness identified the prisoner as the man he had seen gathering information at a dockyard, Carton managed to discredit the witness by calling attention to the fact that in that very courtroom sat another - himself - who could easily be mistaken for the prisoner. The jury was swayed, and Darnay was acquitted. During the trial, both Carton and Darnay became acquainted with the Manettes. From that time on, they often visited the Manette's comfortable little house on Soho Square. Both men enjoyed the company of the good doctor, whose health of mind and body had been restored through Lucie's patient ministrations - and they also came to see Lucie. As suitors, their physical resemblance was never remarked upon because they were so different in attitude and demeanor. While Darnay, who had turned his back on his ancestral name and title, showed his refined upbringing in his confidence and courtliness, Carton seemed to be his own worst enemy. He was only confident of continued failure, and assured himself of it through drink, slovenliness and a morose character. Though Lucie elcomed them both, she was most drawn to Darnay. Being of a sympathetic and loving nature, she listened and wept one day as Carton, in uncharacteristic openness, confessed his love for her. He asked from her nothing in return because he believed even her love would not be enough to redeem him. The conversation ended with Carton's strange statement and promise: It is useless to say it,

Craniotomy of Tumors Essay Example

Craniotomy of Tumors Essay Example Craniotomy of Tumors Paper Craniotomy of Tumors Paper Surgeries pertaining to the brain for tumor removal are commonly done thru craniotomy. Craniotomy is also performed to examine the brain, remove a blood clot, manage hemorrhage, do biopsy, or to ease pressure inside the skull. The same with other surgeries, the patient will undergo diagnostic procedures prior to craniotomy like: computed tomography scans (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. This is done to determine the underlying problem that required the craniotomy as well as to get a better view at the brain’s structure. Angiography of the cerebrum may also be utilized to study the blood supply to the tumor, aneurysm, or other brain lesion. In the case of a tumor in the occipital lobe, the skull will be opened by making a curving incision at the nape of the neck around the occipital lobe. This paper discusses the procedure for a 40-year old, quadriplegic and HIV positive patient. Preparation of the Patient The patient is usually given drugs to ease anxiety. Other medications to reduce the risk of swelling, seizures and infection after the operation may be administered as well. Before and during the surgery, fluids will be restricted; a diuretic may be given if the patient is prone to retaining fluids. Intake of food or drink will not be permitted past midnight the night before surgery. The patient is admitted the morning of the procedure. Catheter will be inserted prior to patient going to the operating room. Since the patient is HIV positive, it is best that the patient’s schedule of operation/surgery will be the latest surgery for the day. Double gloving among the operating room staffs and surgeons should be imperative. Extra care in handling blood and body fluids should be maintained. Being quadriplegic, the patient will then be positioned in a modified fowler’s position HOB elevated 15-20? , patient on his lateral side. During the Procedure General anesthesia is given while the patient lies on the operating table. The head is positioned in a 3-pin skull fixation device once the patient is asleep. The device, which is attached to the table, holds the patient’s head in position during the procedure. A lumbar drain is inserted in the patient’s lower back to help remove cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that allows the brain to relax during surgery. Additional support may be placed due to the patient’s quadriplegic condition. A skin incision behind the hairline is made after the patient’s scalp has been prepped with an antiseptic. The surgeon makes the incision as far as the thin membrane covering the skull. Many small arteries have to be sealed by surgeon since the scalp is well supplied with blood. The skin flap is then folded back to expose the bone. A circle of holes is made in the skull with a hand drill or a craniotome. A fine wire saw is inserted through the holes by the surgeon to cut the outline of a bone flap to expose the brain. The cut bone flap is taken off exposing the brain protective covering called the dura (Mayfield clinic, 2009). The bone flap is saved until it is replaced at the end of the procedure. Surgery of the underlying cause then commences. The surgeon opens the dura using surgical scissors and exposes the brain. Retractors are used to gently expose a passage to the section needing surgery (restoration or removal). Various very small instruments and tools are used by the surgeon due to the difficulty of moving tissues aside to perform the repair or removal procedure. This is due to the compact structure of the brain. Evoked potential monitoring is oftentimes used to preserve the nerve functions and to ensure that it will not be additionally damaged in the surgery. This is accomplished by stimulating specific cranial nerves while monitoring brain responses. The retractors holding the brain are taken off after the surgery for the underlying cause has been completed and the dura is closed with stitches. The bone flap is put back in its original position and secured with titanium plates and screws. The plates and screws will remain permanently to support the area. In some instances, a drain is placed under the skin for a couple of days to take away blood or fluid from the repaired area. Finally, the surgeon stitches back the membrane, muscle and skin of the scalp together. A soft adhesive or turban-like dressing is placed over the incision. Post Surgery The patient is taken to the recovery room after surgery and vital signs are monitored as the patient regains consciousness (from anesthesia). Oxygen supply remains until the patient fully recovers. Since the patient is HIV positive, constant monitoring is required since the patient is immuno-compromised. Painkillers and drugs are given after the operation to manage any swelling and seizures that may arise are after the operation. Codeine may be given to relieve the headache and nausea that may occur as a result of stretching or irritation of the nerves of the scalp that happens during the craniotomy. An anticonvulsant medication to prevent seizure may also be given. Patient hospital discharge varies from only 2 days to 2 weeks depending on the surgery and complications. In this case, a high probability of complication might develop due to the patient being HIV positive. The bandage on the skull is changed regularly. Stitches or staples are removed 7–10 days after surgery in the doctor’s office. The patient should avoid getting the scalp wet until all the sutures have been removed. A clean cap or scarf can be worn until the hair grows back Reference Mayfield clinic. (2009, January). Craniotomy. Retrieved March 6, 2009, from mayfieldclinic. com/PE-Craniotomy. htm The surgeon marks with a felt tip pen a large square flap on the scalp that covers the surgical area. Following this mark, the surgeon makes an incision into the skin as far as the thin membrane covering the skull bone. Because the scalp is well supplied with blood, the surgeon will have to seal many small arteries. The surgeon then folds back a skin flap to expose the bone. Using a high speed hand drill or an automatic craniotome, the surgeon makes a circle of holes in the skull, and pushes a soft metal guide under the bone from one hole to the next. A fine wire saw is then moved along the guide channel under the bone between adjacent holes. The surgeon saws through the bone until the bone flap can be removed to expose the brain. After the surgery for the underlying cause is completed, the piece of skull is replaced and

Application Development and Databases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Application Development and Databases - Essay Example Permissions and authorization of users or processes are defined according to the policies of the business. An access control policy basically specifies a set of rules that describe the methods in which a client can access a server. Access control Matrix: An access control matrix is a simple method for the storage of access control information. It is a table in which each row represents a subject (user), each column represents an object (the object can be a file or a record etc.) and each entry is the set of access rights for that subject to that object. In general the access control matrix will be sparse, because most users will not have access rights to most objects. Every subject will, however, be mapped with every object (subject, object, rights). This approach can provide very fine grained security control. The problem is the more fine grained the control becomes the more entries are required in the table. In a big system the table can quickly become very big and difficult to manage and slow to search. Access control list: A different approach is to use capabilities and access control lists. The first method is to specify only the objects that a user may access. This approach is called a capability. It can be seen as a token giving the possessor certain rights to an object. The capability can be stored with the subject. A second method is to create a list that specifies which subjects can... The first method is to specify only the objects that a user may access. This approach is called a capability. It can be seen as a token giving the possessor certain rights to an object. The capability can be stored with the subject. A second method is to create a list that specifies which subjects can access an object, including their access rights. This approach is called an access control list (ACL). The ACL can be stored with the object or the resource. View based security: Currently, authorization mechanisms in SQL permit access control at the level of complete tables or columns, or on views. It is also possible to create views for specific users, restricting access to data by granting rights only to certain views & tables for each user. These allow those users access to only selected tuples of a table. However, complex role based access control conditions are difficult to implement. In some cases view security can be bypassed (if users have access to base tables). Also, management of security policy becomes complex by views. When a security policy is added, changed, or removed, it's difficult to determine what exactly to do with each view. An administrator cannot tell whether, by changing security policies through altering or dropping a view, he/she is breaking an application. Enforcing Access control privileges: i. Discretionary privileges: It is usually based on the granting and revoking of privileges. It is further divided into two classifications: 1. The Account level: At this level, the DBA specifies the particular privileges that each account holds independently of the relations in the database. Example: As the PMS is based on a centralized Oracle server, it must implement all the

Assessing organizational culture Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assessing organizational culture - Case Study Example ike communication in general, organizational communication represents a more complex phenomenon as it entails the integration of two unique concepts, â€Å"organization† and â€Å"communication†. In light of this, it is prudent for scholars to understand aspects relating to both concepts separately, and in turn find the intersection points of the two. Initially, individual’s conceptualization of organization communication centred on production of messages; however, this has now changed with research showing the importance of developing literacy within this domain. Literacy has and continues to broaden people’s perspectives with regard to organization communication, as they begin to appreciate the variety of ways they can approach, examine and understand communication (Cheney et al., 2010). Champoux (1996) identifies six key functions of organization communication, which include information sharing, emotion, feedback, persuasion, innovation and integration to coordinate various functions. Through effective channels of communication at the workplace, different parties are able to share information, which facilitates planning and the execution of tasks with the sole aim of achieving both individual and organizational goals. In addition, effective communication channels serve as a tool for parties to communicate their e motions; for example, top management can these channels to communicate their displeasure/ dissatisfaction with employees’ performance. They also serve as a feedback tool whereby, recipients are able to respond to the senders’ messages; therefore, give their input on specific matters. Finally, effective communication channels permit the integration of various functions within the organization. Departmentalization exists even in organizations with the simplest organization structure. As such, effective channels of communication enable the coordination of functions, which are specific to each department. Cheney et al. (2010) argue that literacy in

Contract Law on Offer and Acceptance Case Study

Contract Law on Offer and Acceptance - Case Study Example Hence Brenda succeeds on the both the counts against Andrew. Tuesday Morning: Brenda replied by e mail that the price of 50 was a mistake instead of 500 and offered to Andrew the car at a discounted price of 450.and kept the offer open till 12.00 p.m on Friday. and Andrew replied that he would consider the new offer though expressing annoyance at Brenda's mistake. Brenda had corrected the price on the website before receipt of Andrew's offer. An offer is made when one person signifies to another his willingness to do or not to do a certain act with an intention that it shall be binding on the offeror if accepted by the person to whom the offer is made. The latter is called 'offeree"1 The offeror's signifiying act called expression of willingness may be by means of a letter, newspaper, websites, e mail and also by conduct by which an offeror may be genuinely offering or just displaying an act what is known as 'invitation to treat" As such goods advertised are only 'invitation to treat'. 2 They are of unilateral nature i.e. open to the whole world to accept such as offer for rewards etc. 3 In Partridge v Crittenden [1968], appellant Patridge had been convicted for sale of banned variety of bird punishable under Protection of Birds Act 1954 by inserting a classified advertisement in a journal without mentioning the words "offer for sale" In the appeal it was held to be an invitation to treat and not an offer for sale and co nviction was set aside. On the other hand in the case of Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co [1893], an exception was made because the offeror meant business by depositing a certain sum of money as a reward for any one contracting influenza inspite of using medicine. So they could not escape liability stating their offer was an invitation to treat. Question arises website advertisements are offers or invitations to treat, relevant the instant case of Andrew v Brenda. .An offer is a set of conditions contemplating acceptance and capable of being accepted. "Thus in Thomson v James (1855) 18 D 1, Lord President MacNeill said, 'an offer is nothing until it is communicated' (at p.10). This is because an offer is not capable of acceptance until it has been communicated to the offeree" 4 "It is important to be able to differentiate between these invitations to treat and true offers, as acceptance of an offer creates a concluded contract whereas 'acceptance' of an invitation to treat is merely an offer. To assist in the identification of such invitations the law has developed presumptions as

Common Barriers to Communication

Common Barriers to Communication There are many barriers that occur every single day that cause ineffective communication. Not many people are aware of these barriers. Studies have shown that not everyone is aware of their behavior when speaking or listening. Habits are hard to kick but it is not impossible. Some of these barriers can be avoided, some cannot, but that does not mean that there is no solution for it. Without putting the effort into avoiding some of these common communication barriers, miscommunications might occur. One should always be sincere when holding a conversation with someone therefore, these are some of the common communication barriers one should take note of. One of the most common communication barriers is language. Not everyone’s first language is the same, so trying to bring a message across could be difficult. It would of course be easier if both parties could speak the same language but if otherwise, then there could be other solutions for the problem. For example, during intern ational business meetings, they could hire a translator. Another alternative would be to make the effort to learn a bit of the other party’s language to show sincerity in wanting to understand them better, and to avoid language barriers. Another scenario would be if a customer is not local and does not speak the native language, then we could try to find other ways to understand them. Most people have five senses, and if we don’t understand them, we could try other senses like seeing, which would mean, to ‘act’ it out for them. These could be some of the ways to communicate with someone who does not speak the same language as us. â€Å"However, even when communicating in the same language, the terminology used in a message may act as a barrier if it is not fully understood by the receiver(s). For example, a message that includes a lot of specialist jargon and abbreviations will not be understood by a receiver who is not familiar with the terminology used. †(http://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/barriers-communication.html#ixzz2x2ZuJjfh) Another common communication barrier is having poor listening skills. â€Å"We retain only about 50 percent of a ten-minute oral presentation immediately after we hear it, and about 25 percent of the same message after 48 hours† (Day Rasberry, 1980, Page 43) Some barriers that could cause poor listening skills are, â€Å"laziness, disinterest, closed-mindedness, insincerity, boredom, etc.† (S. Golen, 1990 Page 25 to 35) and also, â€Å"Sometimes a listener and speaker experience communication problems due to effects of the thinking-speaking time differential. This differential results from the fact that the average person talks at a rate of about 125 words per minute, while a listener can process information at approximately 450 words per minute.† (Nixon West, 1989) Because of this, we have time to think about other things and therefore get distracted and are not focused on wha t the speaker has to say. In some cases, there are people who often interrupt when someone is talking. â€Å"Interruptions are usually the result of a listener’s ego involvement or impatience with the speaker or the topic.† (Deborah Q. Gaut Eileen M. Perrigo, 1998 Page 40) A reason behind this could be that the interrupter feels more knowledgeable and feels the need to correct others when he or she feels that the other party is wrong. Another reason could be that the interrupter feels comfortable with the person he or she is talking to and thinks that it is okay to do so. Some of the characteristics of poor listeners are impatience, lack of direct eye contact, constant fidgeting, etc. Body language is very important and is a key strategy to read a person. An example would be, the listener keeps looking at the time, keeps fiddling with things or does not look at the speaker in the eyes. This would give the speaker the impression that whatever he or she has to say is no t important and it would also be showing that the listener is not showing any respect towards the speaker. There are also, cultural barriers. Different people have different beliefs and not everyone is knowledgeable of other cultures. Several barriers to intercultural communication have been identified, like â€Å"linguistic, physical, perceptual, experiential, verbal, etc† (Bell, 1992 ; Treece Kleen, 1997) There is also an â€Å"Important but not often recognized or visible barrier to intercultural communication: that of stress. Stress often accompanies communication between people of different cultural backgrounds because of the high degree of uncertainty, unfamiliarity and threat involved in the process.† (Pedersen and Pedersen, 1985) It is because of the short period of time you have with that certain person of a different culture to talk or discuss about something, which creates a high level of pressure to want to leave a good impression especially if it is about business or working together. Sometimes both parties could be speaking the same language but because of cultural differences, it could be hard to understand it in their accent so it would be extremely embarrassing for him or her to repeat several times just for the other person to try and understand the message that the speaker is trying to put across. A stereotype is defined as A conventional, formulaic, and oversimplified conception, opinion, or image (www.dictonary.com) It is common to be misunderstood by other people but it can also be very frustrating. †When an individual has a preconception about another individual, it makes it difficult for the individual not to view the other individuals communication with prejudice.† (http://www.studymode.com/essays/Barriers-To-Effective-Communication-77841.html) There are so many types of stereotypes. For example, â€Å"Someone working in an insubordinate position might be deemed to be uneducated with little to offer, when in fact, this is not true and employers can lose out on valuable opportunities by not communicating with them, and including those in the lower-level positions in the creative process.† (http://www.ehow.com/facts_6832310_stereotyping-affect-communication-work_.html#ixzz2x3RPpVd9) In addition, there are also gender stereotypes. â€Å"Gender roles typi cally call for men to be the more authoritative, in-control worker, with women as more emotional. This stereotype can adversely affect a womans role in the workplace, especially in senior management positions. Gender stereotypes prevent those with true, leadership and management capabilities from getting ahead. This adversely affects both the women and men in the workplace and their ability to communicate for the better of the company.† (http://www.ehow.com/facts_6832310_stereotyping-affect-communication-work_.html#ixzz2x3akKCJu) â€Å"Stereotypes based on race and ethnicity is not only morally wrong, but legally wrong as well, and can alienate employees. If employees are not communicating based on preconceived notions, they are not engaged in the same goals for the company and this will ultimately reflect in the companys failures.† (http://www.ehow.com/facts_6832310_stereotyping-affect-communication-work_.html#ixzz2x3bmP1xG) Everyone has been stereotyped by someone and /or has stereotyped someone before. It is one of the greatest communication barriers but yet it cannot be helped sometimes. It paints a picture of someone or something that may or may not be true, and instantly causes judgments without having to get to know the person, which is unfair. There are other barriers like noise that affect effective communications. Noise could affect our hearing and we may not understand the message the speaker was trying to put across. That way, misunderstanding could occur. Especially if someone wanted instructions to be carried out but the person who is supposed to execute it, heard it differently. â€Å"For instance, you may assume that because people are nodding while you speak, they understand and agree with what you are saying. Similarly, if you invite questions about your message and get none, it would be easy to assume therearenone.The truth is, few people will risk the potential embarrassment of being the only one who doesn’t agree with or understand your message or doesn’t know what to ask. To assume they do would be a mistake.† (http://gwynteatro.wordpress.com/2011/11/20/4-barriers-to-effective-communication-what-to-do-about-them/) In some cases, assumptions could be accurate, but if it is not, then it cou ld lead to a communication breakdown. â€Å"We all use selective perception in composing and interpreting information† (Irene F. H. Wong and Michael D. Connor and Ulrike M. Murfett, 2006, Page 12) In conclusion, there are many barriers that cause ineffective communications. These are barriers that people should take into consideration in order to avoid misunderstandings and misjudgments. Being a good listener has its advantages. It helps us understand messages, instructions, etc better and understanding the message or instruction that is put across to us would help us perform better and/or meet customers’ expectations. But first of all, one must be willing to listen and be focused on the topic. A good listener should also respond appropriately. â€Å"Communication is two-way. A response is called for. It may be no more than applause – or even silence. But it is still a response, which will in turn be interpreted by the speaker.† (John Adair, 2009, Page 92 ) Being an effective speaker also has its advantages. When speaking, it has to be clear, simple, vivid and natural so that the message can be broad across clearly and that the listener understands. Overall, being a good listener and a good speaker affects effective communications. It works both ways.

Impact of Technology on Society Essay -- american society, technologica

Technology is continuously developing and has begun creating shortcuts for the American society. As a society we need to find a balance between our technological use and our everyday life. In my opinion, society has become too dependent on technology. The more advanced technology becomes, the more it seems to be gaining control over our lives. Even though technology is offering society many beneficial qualities; it also is causing many negative effects to occur. Technology is affecting society socially, mentally, and physically. One point addressed throughout each article was how technology has affected society socially. Technology has contributed to society’s lack of social skills, social interaction, and has allowed many of us to become antisocial individuals. According to Sherry Turkle, psychologist and director of the MIT Initiative on Technology, the lack of these social abilities has contributed to the absence of emotional maturation in individuals of today’s society. Turkle stated, â€Å"Very quickly for teenagers [it became] [that] they prefer to text than talk because talking for them involves too much information, too much tension, too much awkwardness. They like the idea of a communication medium in which there does not need to be awkwardness.† (Turkle). I know this is true among teenagers in our society. I, like many of my other peers would prefer to send a text message before calling someone any day. I believe this is because we have become so reliant on text messaging that we no longer know how to have a decent intellectual conversation. Turkle says this occurs because â€Å"talking involves too much information, texting is a lot quicker, and it is very easy to stop before you are rejected.† In addition to affecting society... ...e physically active. As technology continues to advance it seems society's aptitudes have begun to decline socially, mentally, and physically. According to Butte, famous theoretical physicist Albert Einstein once stated, â€Å"It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity† (Butte). I believe this quote truly summarizes how technology has affected our society. Works Cited Butte Patil, Pratik R. Technological Advancements and Its Impact on Humanity. Academia.edu. Academia.edu, 2013. Web. 15 Nov. 2013. Crowther, Hal. "One Hundred Fears of Solitude. â€Å"The Telegraph." Telegraph, 13 Aug. 2013. Web. 26 October 2013. Sterling, Bruce. â€Å"Self-Reliance 2008.† The Atlantic. The Atlantic Monthly Group, 1 November 2008. Web. 16 October 2013. Turkle, Sherry. Interview: Digital Nation. Frontline. PBS. WGBH, Boston, 2 Feb. 2010. Web. 16 Oct. 2013.

Racism in America Essay

Racism is very much a problem in our country; we just can’t admit that it’s there. We bury it back in our minds, not able to admit the pressing problem in our nation. All of the groups in our nation demonstrate racism and believe that they are right for hating a certain type of people. The Klu Klux Klan, Aryans, Skinheads, Neo Nazis, and many more are a good example of the racism that still lingers. There is also a substantial amount of racial profiling now ever since the September 11th tragedies. Many people ridicule Middle Easterners and people who are considered to have â€Å"their color† because some of us think that since a few Middle Eastern terrorists bombed us, they all hate us and want us to die. This all started with slavery and the Africans being sent away from their homelands to break their backs working on our farms. We spit on them, treated them like shit, and expected them to work hard for us and like it. Many of the white people do feel sorry and are guilty for what we did to the African American ancestors, but there’s nothing we can do to take it back. It is history and we cannot change it. There is still racism towards African Americans. Whenever you hear a murder, robbery, assault, or drug bust on the news, they say it was an African American. There are just as many white people that commit those same crimes, but they aren’t on the news nearly as much. Affirmative Action in today’s society has nothing to do with slavery and if it does, it really shouldn’t. We use Affirmative Action to make a school or work environment have diversity, not pity on what we did. Affirmative Action is to make sure minorities have the same opportunities as everyone else.

How to Select Quotes for an Essay

How to Select Quotes for an Essay Any kind of creative work needs some kind of inspiration. If you have to write an essay, you need to think of a couple of original ideas and express them in your work. However, your ideas might not be understood, no matter how insightful or suitable they are. Often your knowledge and skills are just not enough. Thats exactly the time you should find some quotes to support your arguments. Choosing a quotation is not as easy as it may seem at first. There are a couple of points to consider. You need support from a source that is considered reliable. That means the writer or creator of the source should be considered an expert in that field. Furthermore, the quote should come from a scholarly source, preferably peer-reviewed. You should consult your online school database for sources first. Checking the credibility of a quote on a website is a bit more difficult, yet not impossible. The author of the source should be listed, as well as a publishing date or update. Besides knowing that the author is an expert in the area in which you are researching, the author’s affiliation with an organization should also be provided. When in doubt, you can always ask your teacher for an advice. Using quotes is like using salt when cooking soup: too much is bad and too little is also bad. So, use a quote only when its needed. For example, if you state an argument, you may want to support it with evidence provided by a well-known scientist. On the other hand, you may want to argue that a point some authority expresses is contradictory or not true. You might also use two quotes with contrasting ideas and then dwell on the differences in the viewpoints of the two authors. Another instance where quotes are necessary is in providing evidence or statistical data from reliable sources. Once youve identified the extract from a book or an article you want to cite and determined a reason for doing so, you must quote correctly. Use double quotation marks to identify the sentence taken from another source. Single quotation marks are used to indicate a quotation inside a quotation. Also, all the commas and full stops should be left within the double quotation marks. Use three dots (an ellipsis) if you dont want to use the full sentence (†¦), and use brackets ([example]) if you want to insert your own words to make a quote clearer to the reader, for example when the quote is not so clear without the context it was originally used in. Finally, you need to cite the source for your quote, using the appropriate formatting rules. Otherwise, if you use a quotation incorrectly, without quotation marks or without citing the source, it may be regarded as plagiarism. This is the last thing you want to happen to you. As you can see, knowing how to use quotations is a must for every student, and you are no exception. So, we hope you can use all these tips in writing a high quality, scholarly paper. CustomWritings.com is one of professional essay writing services which can help you with writing your academic essay on any topic. Dont hesitate to contact us!

Values In The Phaeacian Societ essays

Values In The Phaeacian Societ essays The Importance of Values In The Phaeacian Society The Phaeacian societys values are what the basis of what their civilized community is built on. In Robert Fagles translation of The Odyssey by Homer, there are numerous references made to what kind of values are held by the Phaeacian society. In book VI, as well as the rest of the books, there are examples of how the societies values provide structure, regulation, and rules for the culture to live by. It is evident in the writing, not only directly, but also indirectly, such as peoples responses and reactions to certain activities or words. One of the most important and easily recognizable values of the Phaeacian society is hospitality. Throughout the book, there are numerous examples of the importance of hospitality to the culture. The encounter between Odysseus and Nausicaa is a perfect display of what great extents one is expected to go to provide a guest, especially a stranger, with superb hospitality. Nausicaa is well trained in her manners, and very well she should be, the daughter of a king. She is representing her family, and reflects this when she tells her maidens, heres an unlucky wanderer strayed our way and we must tend him well.... So, quick, my girls, give our newfound friend some food and drink and bathe the him in the river(VI. 226-231). This is an unusual act in todays culture; to feed and bathe a complete stranger met on a waterfront. Nausicaa further extends her hospitality by inviting Odysseus to come to her residence later in the evening to meet her mother and father. The fact that a famil y of great importance, or even royalty, doesnt scrutinize a stranger, but makes sure his every need is taken care of before anything else, illustrates just how important the value of hospitality is to the Phaeacian society. It represents their level of civility and refinement in their culture. This level is something that...

Why Hospitals should hire Patient Navigator Research Paper

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Choose one of the eight schools of criticism. Choose a poem from part Essay

Choose one of the eight schools of criticism. Choose a poem from part two of your english 1302 textbook. Craft an argument through the lens of your chosen schools criteria or focus on that poem - Essay Example This serves as a challenge for the reader to try and relate the author’s events with that of a historical event. It is here that he reader is curious as to which race in history is known for martyrdoms? If the first of the reader’s guesses is the Jews, then this answer is conveyed in the latter parts of the poem. One cannot help but sympathise with the state of hopelessness of the author in the second stanza. This is evidenced in the lines: ‘nothing serves me to assuage the agony of our age.’ 1The second part of the poem which is at the beginning of the third stanza is also an emphasis on the hopelessness of the author that her life will not become better with time. We get to know of her obsession with redemption from the life she is living at that time. Short terse and compact lines compel he reader to sympathise with the author’s situation. The reader can feel the sorrow and agony of someone in despair from the use of such short and emotional lines. The reader also is constantly in question as to who is the cause of such misery to the author but a good historical background may serve well to inform the reader that he setting of the poem was in Nazi Germany, where the Germans oppressed the people of Jewish origin. From the line, ‘The Jew of ghetto crawls,’ the reader is given a distinct imagination ox the deplorable living condition of the Jews as they were living in the Holocaust. 2The reader sympathises with the author for the horrors that she experiences of her teenage years after reading the following stanza: â€Å"Like every living Jew I have in imagination seen the gas-chamber the mass-grave the unknown body which was mine and found in every German face behind the mask the mark of Cain I will not make their thoughts my own by hating people for their race.†2 Gershon says that ‘Here and there a Jew lifts an individual face, a man for the sake of his gifts